| DETECTORS
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Our
nomenclature for identifying detection assemblies is shown below. For many
applications the detector/filter/input optic configuration best suited the
measurement is specified in the application package. For example, a detector for
making photopic measurements with an IL1700 would be specified as follows:
SED033/Y/W. This common combination is listed as the IL1710 Research
Photometer.
| SED |
detector
class and matching meter (XXL for IL1400 series, XXD for IL1700
series) |
| 033 |
specifies the
type photodiode and spectral range |
| /Y
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specifies
filter(s) used. In the example above, the Y refers to our photopic
filter |
| /w |
specifies the
foreoptics used for illuminating the detector. In our example, the W indicates
our wide-eye diffuser. |
The SED and
SEL type detector housings are made of black anodized aluminum, with female
filter threads (1¼-24), a tripod mount (¼-20), and two end mounts
(#8-32). |

Photo Detectors
| 001 |
Silicon Carbide |
210nm to 380 nm |
| 005 |
Galium Phosphide |
250nm to 675 nm |
| 007 |
InGaAs |
850nm to 1700nm |
| 033 |
33mm2 Silicon |
200nm to 1100nm |
| 100 |
100mm2 Silicon |
200nm to 1100nm |
| 240 |
Solar Blind vacuum photodiode |
185nm to 320nm |
| 623 |
Thermopile detector |
200nm to 4000nm |
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Input Optics
| W |
Wide Eye
Diffuser |
| R |
Radiance
Barrel |
| L30 |
High Gain
Lens |
| H |
Hood |
| K# |
Cone where #
is the hole aperture |
| T,T2X |
Teflon
Diffuser |
| SR |
Spectroradiometer Input Optics |
| FFO |
Fiber Optic
Assembly |

Filters
| Y |
Photopic |
| F |
Flat response
corrector |
| ZCIE |
Scotopic |
| QNDS# |
Broadband
attenuator where # (1,2,3) are factors of 10 attenuation |
| NS### |
Narrow band
filters where ## is the central wavelength in nm |
| WBS### |
Wide bandpass
filters where ### is the central wavelength in nm |
| SCC### |
Sharp cut on
filters where ### is the center of the transition band |
| TXXX |
Broadband
color filters where XXX indicates the color (Red,
BLUE) |
Filters and input optics can dramatically alter a detector's spectral and
spatial responsivity.
NOTE: The dynamic ranges given for each
detector apply for use with the IL1700 (SED
type).

To view the
specifications for any detector, click on the detector
name.
 
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HIGH GAIN DETECTORS |
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SHD033 High
Gain Detector Range: 3 x 10-13 to 4.5 x 10-5
W/cm2 Spectrum: 200 to 1050 nm, 750 peak Size: 69
mm x 42 mm dia.
SHD240 High
Gain Solar-Blind Detector Range: 1 x 10-12 to 2 x
10-7 W/cm2 Spectrum: 185 to 320 nm, 240
peak Size: 101 mm x 42 mm dia.
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The SHD033 matches the sensitivity of a PMT using solid state
amplification of a silicon photodiode. The proprietary preamp is unique in that
it preamplifies the current-chopped junction charge of the cell, providing an 82
dB linear response. Built-in temperature control and leakage shielding minimize
noise and dark current. The special Silicon cell has a broad spectral range with
excellent sensitivity in the near IR, recovers rapidly from overload (such as
direct sunlight) without damage, and maintains its calibration integrity over
time.
Since the
complex preamplification circuitry is located within the actual detector head,
noise is held to a minimum. The remote circuitry requires input voltages
automatically provided by the IL1700 and IL1800 Research Radiometers (not
available for use with the IL1400A).
The
SHD240 uses the same preamplification in conjunction with a Cs-Te
solar-blind vacuum phototube with a UV glass window. This high stability device
maintains ± 1% sensitivity for ten years. The flat 8 mm diameter cathode
provides a large, well defined receiving surface for accurate geometry
calculations. The SHD240 contains temperature regulation, for operation from
-80°C to +50°C.
Both of the
SHD detectors have been designed to operate with the IL1820 Lock-In Radiometer
System, for 2 Hz chopped measurement and phased zeroing. This results in a 100:1
improvement in signal to noise.
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PM271C
Photomultiplier Detector: Spectrum: 200 to 675 nm, 390 peak,
S-5 Range: 6 x 10-14 to 6 x 10-7
W/cm2 Size: 161 x 50 x 38 mm
PM271D
Photomultiplier Detector: Spectrum: 200 to 850 nm, 420 peak,
S-20 Range: 3 x 10-14 to 3 x 10-7
W/cm2 Size: 161 x 50 x 38 mm
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PM271 SERIES PHOTOMULTIPLIERS: Photomultipliers provide high
internal current gain by combining the external photoelectric effect
(semiconductor photodiodes use the internal photoelectric effect) with low noise
secondary electron multiplication. A high voltage regulated supply, such as the
IL760D Photomultiplier Power Supply, is required to provide the appropriate
cathode, dynode, and anode voltages. The response time for PMT's is typically
very fast (<10 nS), and is a function of the dynode voltage.
Photomultipliers typically offer a six decade dynamic range with
excellent linearity over most of that range. Although PMT's are relatively
immune to thermal "Johnson" noise, the noise equivalent power is limited by dark
current, which can be reduced by cooling the photomultiplier. In addition,
photomultipliers require more frequent recalibration, as they do not exhibit the
long term stability inherent to solid state devices.
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Detectors
The
detector itself exhibits a pronounced spectral response. Silicon photodiodes
exhibit peak responsivity in the near-IR, decreasing linearly through the
visible into the UV. Vacuum photodiodes provide excellent UV response with long
wave rejection. "Solar-blind" vacuum photodiodes peak in the deep UV while
blocking out both visible and IR light. InGaAs photodiodes offer excellent
sensitivity to near IR while blocking long wave Infrared. Thermopiles exhibit
sensitivity across the entire spectrum, with an extremely flat response to
Infrared from 700 nm to 60 ?? Each detector type has carved a distinct niche in
radiometry, providing desirable properties over a particular bandwidth.
The graph below shows the response of some unfiltered detector types. The X
axis extends from 150 to 2000 nm. The Y axis extends (logarithmically) from
10-4 to 102 A*cm2/watt.
Detector Types (unfiltered)

Type: UV
Enhanced Silicon Photodiode, Quartz window, 33 mm2 area. Spectrum:
200 to 1100 nm, 950 nm peak Range: 3 x 10-12 to 1 x
10-2 W/cm2 Size: 20 mm x 42 mm
diameter
Type: Solar
Blind Vacuum Photodiode (fused silica window available as SED220) Spectrum:
185 to 320 nm, 240 peak (SED220: 160 to 320 nm, 220 peak) Range: 5 x
10-11 to 7 x 10-5 W/cm2 Size: 53 mm x 42 mm
diameter

Type:
Silicon Photodiode with built-in UV filters. Spectrum: A: 320 to 475 nm, B:
326 to 401 nm Range: 2 x 10-9 to 1 W/cm2 (XR340 is 1/10
as sensitive) Size: 13 mm x 42 mm diameter
 Type:
GaAsP Photodiode, Quartz window, 5 mm2 active area. Spectrum: 250
to 675 nm, 610 nm peak Range: 1 x 10-10 to 2 x 10-1
W/cm2 Size: 20 mm x 42 mm diameter
 Type:
Silicon Photodiode with filters and sphere built into dedicated
probe. Spectrum: Y Photopic or F Flat Range: 1 x 10-9 to 2.0
W/cm2 Size: 121 mm x 19 mm diameter
 Type:
Silicon Photodiode with filters and radiance optics built into dedicated
probe. Spectrum: Y Photopic or F Flat Range: 1 x 10-9 to 2.0
W/cm2/sr Size: 121 mm x 19 mm diameter

 Type:
Multi-Junction Thermopile, 4 mm2, Quartz window (KBr in
SED624). Spectrum: 200 to 4200 nm, flat above 700 nm (SED624: 0.2 to 40
?? Range: 2 x 10-5 to 1 x 10-1
W/cm2 Size: 61 mm x 42 mm diameter
 Type:
Silicon Photodiode with filters and diffusers built into dedicated
probe. Spectrum: Y Photopic (SCD110) or Bilirubin Blue (SCD144) Range: 5 x
10-3 to 1 x 10+6 lux (SCD144: 1 x 10-9 to 2.5
W/cm2 Size: 112 x 18 x 18 mm
 Type:
UV Enhanced Silicon Photodiode, 0.64 mm2 area, built in UV
filter Spectrum: A: 260 to 400 nm, 370 peak Range: 3.9 x 10-9
to 1.0 W/cm2 Size: 29 x 38 x 2 mm diameter

 Type: Au
single metal photocathode 8 mm dia area, quartz window Spectrum: 160 to 240
nm, 185 peak Range: 3 x 10-8 to 4 x 10-2
W/cm2 Size: 53 mm x 42 mm diameter
 Type:
InGaAs with Quartz window. Spectrum: 850 to 1700 nm, flat Range: 1.5 x
10-11 to 3 x 10-2 W/cm2 Size: 20 mm x 42 mm
diameter
Graph of
Responsivity vs. Wavelength for Luckiesh Germicidal, ACGIH Actinic, 2
Photoresists, ACGIH Blue Hazard, CIE Scotopic Vision, CIE Photopic Standard
Observer, and Silicon Photodiode.
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UNDERWATER DETECTORS
All SED, SEL,
and SHD series detectors are available in underwater SUD, SUL, and SHUD
versions, respectively. Every underwater detector is pressure tested to 40
meters depth (60 psi). The 'W' quartz diffuser is required to withstand the
pressures of underwateruse. Filters are optional, with O-ring seals between all
filter rings. Standard SUD detectors come on a 100 foot long, water-blocked
cable (Polypropylene reinforced cables up to 600 feet available). The anodized
aluminum components provide excellent corrosion resistance to salt water, for
all-weather durability. |

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